Our Resources
The GEF/IFGE© Database
A unique database in France
Our studies and publications draw on the GEF/IFGE© database. The GEF (Corporate Governance in France) database includes 783 different listed companies that were either part of the SBF 250 index between 1992 and 2011 or went public during that period. The sample therefore constitutes a representative panel composed of two-thirds small and medium-sized enterprises and one-third large companies.
The database records the ownership structure of major SBF 250 companies, the names and shareholdings of their shareholders and how these evolve over time, as well as changes in share value. It classifies companies according to their capital structure. For non-listed companies, a complementary database identifies the ownership structure of 200 small and medium-sized firms, its evolution, and whether it is family- or finance-driven.
For all these companies, GEF compiles comprehensive data for the period 1992–2011, covering tens of thousands of data points, including:
- Economic data (activities, sales, workforce, internationalization, research & development, investments, etc.)
- Financial data (balance sheets, results, performance, financing structure, etc.)
- Governance data (shareholding, management, board members, etc.)
- Strategic data (types of strategic moves, internal organization, subsidiaries, etc.)
The Preuves à l’appui papers disseminate data on companies drawn from the GEF/IFGE© database.
They offer interpretations of economic developments over the past 20 years based on company-level analysis, providing a renewed perspective on these issues.
Case Studies: Companies in the Anthropocene
A collection of case studies developed in partnership with CleRMa and the University of Clermont Auvergne
Societalisation Notebooks
Student work from the EM Politique track, supported by IFGE
Societalisation is a concept theorized by Pierre-Yves Gomez.
“Society” now seeks to act upon companies so that they incorporate effective responses to social and environmental issues into their value creation.
“Societalisation” refers to this new way of regulating corporate behavior by subjecting it to the expectations and pressures of civil society.
The Societalisation Notebooks are summaries based on the academic work of students from the EM Politique track. They highlight the impact of political and cultural transformations on the life, behavior, and strategy of companies.
The French Institute for Corporate Governance does not intend to express any approval or disapproval of the opinions presented in this document. These opinions should be regarded as those of their respective authors.
The first two notebooks are the result of the work of the 2023 EM Politique cohort:
The following three notebooks are the result of the work of the 2024 cohort: